最新刊期
卷 4 ， 期 2 ， 2024
Letter to the Editor
- 摘要：BackgroundDegenerate eye disorders, such as glaucoma, cataracts and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are prevalent causes of blindness and visual impairment worldwide. Other eye disorders, including limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), dry eye diseases (DED), and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), result in symptoms such as ocular discomfort and impaired visual function, significantly impacting quality of life. Traditional therapies are limited, primarily focus on delaying disease progression, while emerging stem cell therapy directly targets ocular tissues, aiming to restore ocular function by reconstructing ocular tissue.Main textThe utilization of stem cells for the treatment of diverse degenerative ocular diseases is becoming increasingly significant, owing to the regenerative and malleable properties of stem cells and their functional cells. Currently, stem cell therapy for ophthalmopathy involves various cell types, such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and retinal progenitor cells (RPCs). In the current article, we will review the current progress regarding the utilization of stem cells for the regeneration of ocular tissue covering key eye tissues from the cornea to the retina. These therapies aim to address the loss of functional cells, restore damaged ocular tissue and or in a paracrine-mediated manner. We also provide an overview of the ocular disorders that stem cell therapy is targeting, as well as the difficulties and opportunities in this field.ConclusionsStem cells can not only promote tissue regeneration but also release exosomes to mitigate inflammation and provide neuroprotection, making stem cell therapy emerge as a promising approach for treating a wide range of eye disorders through multiple mechanisms.关键词：Stem cell;Ocular diseases;Induced pluripotent stem cells;Mesenchymal stem cells;Cataracts;Glaucoma;Diabetic retinopathy;Retinal degenerative diseases
- 1
- |
- 0
- |
- 0
发布时间：2024-05-29 - 摘要：BackgroundThe periocular skin is neoplasms-prone to various benign and malignant. Periocular malignancies are more aggressive and challenging to cure and repair than those in other skin areas. In recent decades, immunotherapy has significantly advanced oncology, allowing the autoimmune system to target and destroy malignant cells. Skin malignancies, especially periocular tumors, are particularly sensitive to immunotherapy. This technique has dramatically impacted the successful treatment of challenging tumors.Main textExtraocular cancers, including eyelid (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, merkel cell carcinoma), conjunctival tumors (conjunctival melanoma, ocular surface squamous neoplasia) and other rare tumors, are unique and challenging clinical situations. Several genetic alterations associated with the pathogenesis of these diseases have been identified, and molecular mechanism are essential for the development of the immunotherapy agents, such as Hedgehog pathway inhibitors (vismodegib and sonidegib) for basal cell carcinoma, BRAF/MEK inhibitors (vemurafenib, dabrafenib, and encorafenib) for melanoma, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (Avelumab, pembrolizumab) for Merkel cell carcinoma.ConclusionsThe optimal treatment for periocular skin cancer depends on the type and size of the tumor and whether it involves orbital and adnexal structures. Adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy with chemotherapy-targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors should be considered based on tumor type, tumor molecular profile, expected response rate, and candidacy for systemic treatment.关键词：Periocular malignancy;Eyelid;Conjunctiva tumor;Immunotherapy;Neoadjuvant therapy
- 0
- |
- 0
- |
- 0
发布时间：2024-05-29 - 摘要：BackgroundRefractive errors, particularly myopia, are the leading visual disorders worldwide, significantly affecting the quality of life (QOL) even after correction. This scoping review focuses on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measurements for children and adolescents with refractive errors.Main textWe explored generic and disease-specific HRQOL tools, examining their content, psychometric properties, and the impact of various interventions on QOL. Two English databases—PubMed, Embase, and one Chinese database, CNKI, were searched for relevant studies published from January 2001 to October 2023. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies using standardized instruments to assess the QOL of children aged 0–18 with refractive errors. The review compares prevalent HRQOL measurements, analyzes children's refractive error assessments, and discusses intervention effects on patient QOL.ConclusionsThe study underlines the necessity of developing disease-specific QOL instruments for very young children and serves as a practical guide for researchers in this field. The findings advocate for a targeted approach in HRQOL assessment among the pediatric population, identifying critical gaps in current methodologies.关键词：Quality of life;Assessment;Children;Adolescent;Scoping review
- 0
- |
- 0
- |
- 0
发布时间：2024-05-29
Review
- 摘要：BackgroundOnline physician reviews increase transparency in health care, helping patients make informed decisions about their provider. Language processing techniques can quantify this data and allow providers to better understand patients' experiences, perspectives, and priorities. The objective of this study was to assess patient satisfaction and understand the aspects of care that are valued by patients seeking refractive care using sentiment and word frequency analysis.MethodsWritten reviews and Star ratings for members of the Refractive Surgery Alliance Society practicing in the United States were collected from Healthgrades, a popular physician rating website. Surgeons with at least one written review were included in the study. Reviews were scored from -1 (most negative) to +1 (most positive) using Valence Aware Dictionary sEntiment Reasoner (VADER). Reviews were stratified by demographic characteristics, namely gender, region, and years in practice. Word frequency analysis was applied to find the most common words and phrases.ResultsA total of 254 specialists and 3104 reviews were analyzed, with an average of 4.4/5 stars and mean 48 ratings each. Most physicians had positive reviews (96%, average VADER = 0.69). Younger physicians (<20 years since residency) had significantly higher Stars rating than senior peers (>20 years) (P < 0.001). A similar trend was observed in VADER score (0.71 vs 0.69), although not statistically significant (P = 0.06). No statistical differences were observed between Stars rating and VADER score by gender (P = 0.66, P = 0.83) or by geographical region (P = 0.74, P = 0.07). "Staff" (n = 1269), "professional" (n = 631), "office" (n = 523), "questions" (n = 424), and "friendly" (n = 386) were frequently used in reviews, along with phrases such as "the staff" (n = 273) and "my questions" (n = 174). "Surgery" (n = 719), "staff" (n = 576), "procedure" (n = 251), "experience" (n = 243), and "professional" (n = 240) were the most common words in positive reviews, while "surgery" (n = 147), "office" (n = 86), "staff" (n = 54), "time" (n = 47), and "insurance" (n = 28) were the most commonly used in negative reviews.ConclusionsBoth the average Stars and VADER sentiment score suggest a high satisfaction among refractive patients. Word frequency analysis revealed that patients value non-clinical aspects of care, including interactions with staff, insurance coverage, and wait-times, suggesting that improving non-clinical factors could enhance patient satisfaction with refractive surgery.关键词：Patient sentiment;Quality improvement;Physician reviews
- 0
- |
- 0
- |
- 0
发布时间：2024-05-29 - 摘要：PurposeTo explore the role of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in the occurrence and development of various ocular malignancies.MethodsIn this article, we retrieved ocular malignancy data from the Global Cancer Observatory (GCO) and performed correlation analysis with the global UV index and sunshine duration. We searched for associated studies using the following databases: Embase, Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. We conducted the literature by searching the Mesh terms denoting an exposure of interest ("UV radiation", "ultraviolet rays", and "ocular malignancies", All studies included are published until December 30, 2023 without language restrictions.ResultsThe mechanisms and epidemiological statistics of UVR on the onset and progression of eyelid malignancies are the most studied and clear. The role of UVR in conjunctival melanoma is similar to that in eyelid melanoma. The relationship between uveal melanoma and UVR is controversial, however, it may have at least a certain impact on its prognosis. UVR causes ocular surface squamous neoplasia by further activating HPV infection.ConclusionsUVR is a decisive risk factor for ocular malignancies, but the incidence of ultraviolet-induced tumors is also affected by many other factors. A correct and comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of UVR in the pathogenesis of ocular malignant tumors can provide patients with more effective and selective immune regulation strategies.关键词：Ultraviolet radiation;Eyelid malignancies;Conjunctival melanoma;Uveal melanoma;Ocular surface squamous neoplasia
- 0
- |
- 0
- |
- 0
发布时间：2024-05-29
Full Length Article
- Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 京ICP备09064830号-19
京公网安备11010802024621 - It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
- Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.
0